Hoerder, Dirk. “Immigrants in Montreal.” In Creating Societies: Immigrant Lives in Canada, 71–84. Montreal and Kingston: McGill-Queen’s University Press, 1999.

Olson, Sherry. “Ethnic Strategies in the Urban Economy.” Canadian Ethnic Studies/Études ethniques au Canada Vol. 23, no. 2 (1991): 39–64.

Robert, Jean-Claude. “The City of Wealth and Death: Urban Mortality in Montreal, 1821-1871.” In Essays in the History of Canadian Medicine, edited by Wendy Mitchinson and Janice Dickin McGinnis, 18–38. Toronto, ON: McClelland and Stewart, 1988.

Jobin, Albert. Histoire de Québec. Québec: Institut St-Jean-Bosco, 1947.

Reynolds, Lloyd G. The British Immigrant: His Social and Economic Adjustment in Canada. Toronto, ON: Oxford University Press, 1935.