Nationalism, Secularism, and Ethno-Cultural Diversity in Quebec

The authors note that an ongoing debate over the intersections between secularism and ethno-cultural diversity is taking place in contemporary societies. For example, they point out that in just over a decade, Quebec has witnessed multiple attempts to reframe its approach to issues of nationalism in the context of secularism and the regulation of ethno-cultural diversity. Their qualitative and historically minded article studies the relationship among nationalism, secularism, and the regulation of diversity, through three stages of analysis. First, they explore the Catholic history of Quebec and the secularization dimensions of its nationalism since the Quiet Revolution and the ongoing debate within the province about religious accommodation and the integration of immigrants. Second, they lay the stage for examining the political and historical rise of the recently passed Bill 21 (An Act Respecting the Laicity of the State in Quebec) through their analysis of the failed, yet pivotal, proposal for a “Quebec Charter of Values” during the leadership of Parti Québécois (PQ) Premier Pauline Marois (2012–14). They discuss the content of the proposed charter under the PQ and the successful enactment of Bill 21 under the Coalition Avenir Québec in light of policy transfer from France to Quebec regarding secularism and the public display of religious symbols, as well as Quebec’s unique context within the Canadian federation. Finally, the authors turn to recent political and policy developments in Quebec, including the passing of Bill 21, as they relate to the changing relationship among nationalism, secularism, and diversity.

Journal of Canadian Studies / Revue d'études canadiennes

Vol. 55

no. 1

177-202

Winter 2021

en