Grenier, Gilles, and Serge Nadeau. “English as the Lingua Franca and the Economic Value of Other Languages : The Case of the Language of Work of Immigrants and Non-Immigrants in the Montreal Labour Market.” Department of Economics, Faculty of Social Sciences, University of Ottawa. Working Paper #1107E. Last modified June 2011. https://sciencessociales.uottawa.ca/economics/sites/socialsciences.uottawa.ca.economics/files/1107E_000.pdf.